In the primary manifestation ("countenance triform", referring to the moon), Milton probably alludes to the "diva triformis" of (e.g.) Horace, "Odes" 3.22.4. See Nisbet and Rudd ad loc.:In her share as a goddess of witchcraft and magic, Hecate was coexistent with the moon ("RE" 7.277 f.); on earth she shadowy junctions where three transportation met (Soph. "TrGF" 535, Burkert 171); and she was more to the point a goddess of the criminal world. So a triple form was assigned to her at negligible as inconvenient as the fifth century (Pease on Virg. "Aen" 4.511, B"omer on Ov. "fast." 1.141), and she is on a regular basis represented consequently in Greek art (Roscher 1.1903 ff., "LIMC" 6.1.1014 ff., 6.2.661 ff.). Since Artemis/Diana was, for assorted reasons, a moon goddess ("LIMC" 2.1.689 f., 2.2.512 ff., Pease on Cic. "Nat. deor." 2.68, she more to the point, by a representative mode of syncretism, became coexistent with Hecate as a goddess of crossroads and of the criminal world (Roscher 1.1896 f., "RE" 7.2770 f., "LIMC" 2.1.686 ff.). Correspondingly "triformis" came to lessen to Diana's power in heaven, earth, and the underworld; cf. a coin of 43 BC illustrated by Beard-North-Price 2.15, and the three statues portrayed on a wall-painting in the carry on of Livia' on the Palatine (Simon 57 with pl. 69).In the summarize manifestation ("universal Pan"), Milton refers to the supposed relation surrounded by the name Pan and the Greek adjective (all), which can be traced as far back as "Homeric Hymn" 19.47: They called him Pan since he excited the hearts of all (, ).
